Hawaii's Kīlauea Volcano: A Living, Breathing Wonder

Hawaii's Big Island is home to one of the most mesmerizing and active volcanoes on Earth: Kīlauea. This incredible force of nature has been shaping the island for hundreds of thousands of years, creating a dramatic landscape of lava fields, craters, and steaming vents. Whether you’re an adventurer, a scientist, or simply a traveler seeking to witness Earth’s raw power, Kīlauea is a must-see destination.

Molten lava flows over dark, cooled rock, creating vivid, glowing patterns at a volcanic site.

The History of Kīlauea

Kīlauea is one of the world’s most active volcanoes, with a continuous record of eruptions dating back at least 2,500 years. According to Hawaiian mythology, it is believed to be the home of Pele, the fiery goddess of volcanoes. Her temperamental nature is reflected in the volcano’s unpredictable activity, ranging from slow lava flows to explosive eruptions.

One of the most significant eruptions in modern history occurred in 2018, when Kīlauea dramatically reshaped parts of the Big Island. Over 700 homes were lost, and new land was formed as lava poured into the ocean. This event served as a reminder of the island’s ever-changing landscape and the powerful forces beneath our feet.

Kīlauea’s Current Activity

Kīlauea remains highly active, with eruptions occurring periodically at the summit and along its rift zones. The most recent eruption began in December 2024, featuring lava fountains illuminating the night and flows contained within Halemaʻumaʻu crater. The U.S. Geological Survey continuously monitors the volcano and provides real-time updates to ensure public safety.

On April 1, 2025, Kīlauea Volcano on Hawaiʻi's Big Island entered its 16th eruptive phase since December 2024. The activity started at 10:57 p.m. HST on March 31, with lava emerging from the north vent inside Halemaʻumaʻu crater. By the morning of April 1, lava fountains from the south vent intensified, reaching heights of over 700 feet by 10:50 a.m. HST.

These exceptionally high lava fountains have scattered volcanic debris, such as Pele's hair and tephra, onto Highway 11 in the Kaʻū District between mile markers 35 and 37. If you're in this area, it's advisable to remain inside your vehicle with the windows closed and keep moving.

Although no homes or communities are currently at risk, volcanic gases like sulfur dioxide can cause vog, affecting the island's air quality. If you plan to visit, ensure you stay informed and check for any alerts before traveling.

Visiting Hawaii Volcanoes National Park

Kīlauea is the centerpiece of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that offers visitors a front-row seat to the island’s volcanic activity. Here are some must-see attractions within the park:

Halemaʻumaʻu Crater – The heart of Kīlauea’s activity, this crater often hosts lava lakes and eruptions.
Thurston Lava Tube – Walk through a cave-like tunnel formed by flowing lava hundreds of years ago.

Illuminated by warm lights, a winding lava tube showcases textured walls and a smooth, earthy pathway, inviting exploration deep into its ancient volcanic passage.
Chain of Craters Road – A scenic drive through past lava flows that showcase the volcano’s destructive and creative power.
Map of the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park highlighting closures on Crater Rim Drive and key attractions along Chain of Craters Road, including Nāhuku, Maunaulu, and Pu‘u Loa Petroglyphs.
Devastation Trail – A short hike through an eerie landscape left behind by past eruptions.

A breathtaking view of a vast volcanic crater with rugged terrain, partially framed by branches and foliage, under a clear blue sky.

Safety and Respect for the Land

Hawaiians share a strong cultural and spiritual connection with Kīlauea. If you're visiting, it's important to respect the volcano by sticking to park rules and steering clear of off-limits spots. Taking a moment for a chant or some quiet reflection can be a great way to appreciate the power of Pele and the sacredness of the land.

Conclusion

Kīlauea is like a living, breathing force that keeps shaping Hawaii’s Big Island. Whether you're checking out the edge of a crater, trekking over a lava field, or catching an eruption from a distance, this volcano is a jaw-dropping reminder of nature’s incredible power. If you ever get the chance, visiting Kīlauea is something you’ll always remember.